Fundamentals of Computer for Class 6 is an important chapter that helps students understand the history of computer, computer languages, software, memory and printers.
In this chapter, we will study:
- Brief history of computer
- Computer language
- Software and its types
- Computer memory
- Different types of printers
Brief History of the Computer Fundamental for Class 6
The development of computers has taken place over many years. Early calculating devices were very simple, but modern computers are fast and powerful
Early Computing Devices
- Abacus – First calculating device used for counting
- Napier’s Bones – Used for multiplication
- Pascaline – Mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal
Generations of Computers
1. First Generation (1940–1956)
- Used vacuum tubes
- Very large and expensive
2. Second Generation (1956–1963)
- Used transistors
- Smaller and faster
3. Third Generation (1964–1971)
- Used integrated circuits (IC)
4. Fourth Generation (1971–Present)
- Used microprocessors
- Personal computers developed
Fifth Generation (Present & Future)
- Based on Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Computer Language
A computer language is a set of instructions that tells a computer what to do.
Computers cannot understand human language directly, so instructions must be given in computer languages
Types of Computer Language
1. Machine Language
- Uses only 0 and 1
- Fast but difficult to understand
2. Assembly Language
- Uses symbols and codes
- Easier than machine language
3. High-Level Language
- Easy to read and write
- Examples: Python, C, Java
Software and Its Types
Software is a set of programs that tells the computer how to work.
Without software, a computer cannot perform any task.
Types of Software
1. System Software
System software controls the working of the computer.
Examples:
- Windows
- Linux
- macOS
2. Application Software
Application software is used to perform specific tasks.
Examples:
- MS Word
- MS Paint
- Web Browser
Computer Memory
Computer memory is used to store data, instructions and results.
Types of Computer Memory in Fundamentals of Computer Class 6
Primary Memory
- Stores data temporarily
- Fast memory
Examples:
- RAM
- ROM
Secondary Memory
- Stores data permanently
- Large storage capacity
Examples:
- Hard Disk
- Pen Drive
- CD/DVD
Different Types of Printers
A printer is an output device that prints information on paper.
Types of Printers
1. Impact Printers
Work by striking ink ribbon on paper
Examples:
Dot Matrix Printer
Non-Impact Printers
- Do not touch the paper
- Produce high quality output
Examples:
- Inkjet Printer
- Laser Printer
Summary
The fundamentals of computer for class 6 help students understand the basic working of computers.
Knowledge of computer history, software, memory and printers is very important for exams as well as daily life.
Exam-Oriented Questions
Very Short Answer Questions
- What is a computer?
- Name any one computer language.
Short Answer Questions
- What is software?
- Write two types of computer memory.
Long Answer Question
- Explain the types of software with examples